Explosive-engine.



No, 7|6,s|5. Patented bec. 23, |902.

B. F. BAlN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(Application filed Sept. 2B, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheet'sSheet I.-

'FIE-2 No. 716.615. Patented nec. 23, |902.

. F. BAIN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

Application led Sept. 2B, 1899.) (N o M u d e l.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESSES )agi/1mm Patented Dec. 23, |902.

B. F. BAIN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(Application led Sept. 28,. 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

IN VE N T 01 @y I 4 Alim/syl me yonms Psrsns co. Hom-Limo., '.usuwsron, u. c

PATENT Orrucn.v

BENJAMIN F. BAIN, OF NEW BRIGHTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

EXPLOSlVE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,615, dated December 23, 1902.

Application filed September 28, 1899. Serial No. 731,969. (No model.)

T0 all whom, 25m/ay concern:

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN F. BAIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Brighton, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valve Mechanism for Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

y The objects of myinvention are to provide an explosive-engine involving simplicity in construction, accessibility of parts, and nonliability of derangement, whereby cost of maintenance is slight, slow movementof controlling parts,whereby noiselessness of operation is obtained, and positive actuating of controlling parts, involving economy in regulation. To these ends I employ a puppetvalve and a slide-valve, both positively actuated by the same thrust of a common pushrod and controlling,respectively,the main cylinder-port and the fuel supply and exhaust passages communicating therewith. This push-rod has cam connection with the crankshaft through reducinggear, whereby it is moved during the revolution of the crankshaft following the outward stroke which results from an explosion and is so timed with respect to said revolution that upon the return of the piston after an explosion the push-rod is gradually moved by the cam to perform the following functions, to wit: the opening of the puppet-valve simultaneously with the opening of the exhaust-port by the slide-valve, which condition remains until the piston, nears its inner limit and has expelled the remaining products of combustion; then, while retaining the puppet-valve from its seat, the opening of communication between the cylinder and a fuel-chamber having a constant air-supply, whereby d uring the first portion of the suction-stroke of the piston an inrush of air takes place to cool the fuel-passage and prevent possibility of backfiring; then, while still retaining the puppetvalve from its seat, the opening of afuel-port in the fuel-chamber, so that the remaining portion of the suction-stroke will draw in a mixture of both air and fuel; then, as the piston completes the suction-stroke, the abrupt return of the push-rod to normal position,with the valves in position to close all the ports controlled by them, after which the piston makes the compression-stroke, which is followed by the explosion.

My invention will be fully understood upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of au explosiveengine to which my improvements are applied. Fig. 2 is a detail view showing the slide-valve and the outer end of the cylinder and its piston in vertical section. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the cylinder, its piston, and the controlling-valves. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line 4 4, Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views, respectively in elevation and plan,of the valvecontrolling mechanism and a governor combined therewith. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view of the controlling-valve.

l represents the cylinder, 2 the piston, and 3 the crank-shaft, of a common type of explosive-engine. The cylinder 1 is provided with a passage 4, through which fuel is sucked in by the outstroke of the piston 2, preceding compression and explosion, and 1ingering products of combustion are expelled by the instroke of said piston following an explosion. Communication between the cylinder 1 and passage 4 is controlled by a puppet-valve 5, whose stern 6 is loaded with a spring 7, which latter may be overcome for opening the valve by means of a lever 8. The lever 8 is controlled by a push-rod 9, held normally in the position shown in Fig.` 3 by means of the spring7 or by a spring 10, which surrounds the rod 9 and abuts at one end against a stop 11 on said rod and at its other end against a valve-chest 12, or by both of said springs combined. 13 represents a slidevalve carried by the rod 9 in the valve-chest 12, which valve has an annular recess 14. By the same thrust of the rod 9 which opens the puppet-valve 5 the valve 13 is irst moved to establish communication between passage 4 and an exhaust-passage 16 by means of recess 14, then moved beyond port 15, so that communication is established between passage 4 and fuel-chamber 17, with which the air-pipe 18 is in constant communication', and iinally to uncover aVfuel-port 19, so that communication then exists'between both the air and fuel ports and the passage 4. The valve 13 is provided with a lip 20, which projects IOO over the port 19 to cause the opening of the latter to take place after establishing communication between passage 4 and the chamber 17, the object of which is to first allow ingress of cool air to cool the fuel-passages and prevent possibility of back-firing from overheating of the parts.

The dimension of port 19 in the direction of movement of the valve 13 is quite short as compared with its dimension transverse to the movement of the valve, the object of which is yto give a full opening of said port by a very short movement of the valve and at the same time to insure ample area of the port for the passage of fuel. It will be seen that the puppet-valve 5, which controls the cylinder-port 5', protects the valve 13, which is removed from the cylinder, from the high temperature and pressure of the cylinder.

It is to be understood that the engine is provided with a suitable water-jacket. The location of water-spaces is indicated in the several views by the letter w.

Such being the construction of the parts, the rod 9 is connected at 21 to a lever 22, which is fulcrumed at 23 and carries an antifriction-roller 24, which impinges against a cam 25 on a shaft 26, which carries a pinion 27, meshing with pinion 28 on crank-shaft 3. The proportions and relations of these parts are such that the shaft 26 rotates once while the shaft 3 rotates twice,and the cam 25 causes a gradual thrust of the rod 9, followed by a sudden release, so that the parts accomplish the following steps: The thrust commences when the piston is in the position shown in Fig. 3 immediately after an explosion, when the pressure has been relieved through eX- haust-ports 2' and the piston begins to move inward. With said inward movement valves 5 and 13 are immediately shifted to open a direct exhaust through the passage 4 and port 16, which condition is maintained until the piston reaches its inner limit and commences its suction-stroke, at which time the cam 25 causes a further movement of valve 13, cutting od communication of port 15 with port 16 and then by entirely passing port 15 establishingcommunication between cylinder 1 and fuelcham ber 17. This condition remains only momentarily, during which period there is an inrush of cool air and a consequent reduction of the temperature of the fuel-passages,after which a still further movement of valve 13 causes lip 20 to uncover the fuel-port 19, after which a continuation of the suction-stroke introduces the proper mixture of air and fuel into the cylinder. It is obvious that the continued movement of valve 13 after the initial opening of valve 5 will result in the further opening of said valve, the degree of opening being in proportion to the travel of the valve 13. At completion of the suction-stroke the rod 9 returns abruptly and closes both valves, after which the compression-stroke takes place, followed by explosion and the driving stroke of the piston,

during which latter rod 9 is at rest and after which the same cycle of movements is repeated.

A governor may be eectively combined with the controlling mechanism by providing a bracket 29, upon which slides a block 30, connected to one end of the rod 9, while a slide 31 carries the other portion 9a of said rod, together with the blade 32, held :normally in engaging position with the abutment 32a by springs 33 on the stem 34, while a weight 35 on the stem 36 under abnormal speed rocks the blade 32 upon the fulcrum 37 to cause a miss, after the usual manner of the hit-and-miss style of governor. Any other desirable form of governor, either of the hit-and-miss or throttling types, may be used.

An explosive-engine constructed as above described will be found to accomplish all the objects recited.

It is to be understood that any suitable form of igniting device may be employedsuch, for instance, as the incandescent tube.

Having thus described my invention,the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination with an explosive-engine, a puppet-valve controlling cylinder-port 5', and slide-valve controlling communication between exhaust and fuel ports 16 and 19 and said cylinder-port, and connections for positively retaining said puppet-valve open during the exhaust period and the suction or recharging period, and successively opening the exhaust and fuel ports 16 and 19, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with an explosive-engine, a passage communicating with the rear thereof, an exhaust-port, a fuel-port, a puppet-valve controlling communication of the cylinder with said passage, a valve controlling by successive movements communication of the exhaust and fuel ports with said passage, and a common connection between said valves and a moving part of the engine,whereby the cylinder and exhaust ports are first opened, and then, while maintaining the cylinder-valve open, the exhaust-port is closed and the fuel-port is opened into said passage, said steps taking place respectively during the exhaust-stroke of the piston and the suction-stroke thereof.

3. In combination with an explosive-engine, and the rear cylinder-port 5, exhaustport, fuel-port, and air-port communicating therewith, the puppet-valve 5 controlling the cylinder-port, the sliding valve successively opening communication between the cylinder and the exhaust-port, air-port, and fuel-port in the order recited, and means for moving said slide-valve while holding open the puppet-valve; substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In an explosive-engine, the combination of the puppet-valve 5 controlling the rear passage of the cylinder, and the slide-valve 13 IOO IIO

ports communicating with said passage, a

valve opening said exhaust and fuel ports successively by a continued movement, a rod connected with said valve and engaging the puppet-valve lever, and connections whereby a continued thrust of the rod is maintained during the entire exhaust and greater portion of the suction-strokes of the engine-piston.

Signed at New Brighton,Pennsylvania, this 13th day of September, 1899.

BENJAMIN F. BAIN.

u Witnesses:

W. A. COVENTRY, CHAs. W. BRADsHAw. 

